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  • Older guidance to change oil every 3,000 miles (≈4,800 km) no longer applies to most modern vehicles.
  • Thanks to modern lubricants and improved engine materials, many manufacturers recommend oil changes every
    5,000 – 10,000 miles (≈8,000 – 16,000 km), with synthetic oils sometimes lasting even longer.
  • However, your vehicle’s owner’s manual is always the best guide.
  • Shorter intervals may be needed for “severe service” (frequent towing, extreme temperatures or dusty conditions).
  • In general, synthetic motor oils maintain their lubrication properties longer than conventional oils and allow extended change intervals.
  • Hexon’s range of high-quality synthetic and semi-synthetic oils is designed to support longer drain intervals while maintaining protection.
  • Oil levels should be checked regularly.Park on a level surface, wait a few minutes after shutting off the engine and then pull out the dipstick. Wipe it clean, re-insert it fully, and check the oil level marks.
  • If the oil is below the minimum mark, add oil of the correct graderecommended in your owner’s manual.
  • Some newer cars use a sensor instead of a dipstick, so consult the vehicle’s information screen.
  • A consistent drop in level may indicate an oil leakor oil consumption. Common leak points include worn gaskets, a loose drain plug or a faulty oil filter gasket.
  • Internal oil consumption can result from worn piston rings or valve seals, a damaged head gasketor oil entering the engine’s air filtration system.
  • If you notice blue exhaust smokeor a burning smell, the engine may be burning oil — consult a mechanic.
  • New oilis typically golden or light brown. As it circulates, it collects combustion by-products and becomes amber or dark brown — a normal sign of aging.
  • Dark oil often contains suspended particles and still lubricates effectively, but it should be changed soon.
  • Oil that has turned blackhas accumulated too many contaminants, has lost much of its lubricating ability and should be changed immediately.
  • Milky or frothy oilis a red flag because it indicates coolant contamination; seek professional help.

  • The American Petroleum Institute (API) classifies base oils into five groups:

    API Group

    Characteristics

    Uses

    Group I

    Less than 90% saturates and >0.03% sulfur; viscosity index (VI) 80–120; solvent-refined. Amber-brown and inexpensive.

    Common in industrial oils and some automotive oils.

    Group II

    >90% saturates, <0.03% sulfur; VI 80–120; produced by hydrocracking. Clearer with better oxidation stability than Group I.

    Widely used in modern engine oils due to improved performance.

    Group III

    >90% saturates, <0.03% sulfur; VI >120; severely hydrocracked and sometimes marketed as synthetic.

    Used in many high-performance “synthetic” or “synthetic-blend” oils.

    Group IV

    Polyalphaolefins (PAO); true synthetic base stocks produced by chemical synthesis. Excellent low/high-temperature performance.

    High-end engine and industrial lubricants.

    Group V

    All other base stocks (esters, silicone, polyalkylene glycol, etc.). Often used to improve properties of other base oils.

    Specialty lubricants and additives.

    Hexon formulates its lubricants using appropriate base oil groups to meet performance and cost targets.

  • Foaming happenswhen small air bubbles accumulate in the oil.
  • Severe foaming can cause the foam to exit through breathers or dipsticks, act as a thermal insulator, reduce the oil’s lubricating propertiesand lead to oxidation, cavitation or hydraulic failure.
  • Common causes include water or solids contamination, depleted defoamant additives, mechanical agitation, overfilling, using the wrong lubricant or mixing oils.
  • Prevent foaming by using the correct oil, avoiding contamination and maintaining proper oil levels.
  • Oil levels can drop for two primary reasons:
  • External leaks: Worn gaskets (valve-cover, oil-pan or timing-cover), a loose drain plug, or faulty oil-filter gaskets/O-rings can allow oil to escape. A damaged oil pan or worn crankshaft or camshaft seals can also cause leaks. Watch for oil spots under your vehicle and address leaks promptly.
  • Internal consumption (burning oil): If oil is entering the combustion chamber due to worn piston rings, valve seals or a damaged head gasket, the engine can burn it without visible leaks. Symptoms include blue-tinted exhaust smoke and a burning smell. A malfunctioning PCV (positive crankcase ventilation) valve may also allow oil to be drawn into the intake. See a mechanic if oil consumption is excessive.
  • Mineral oilsare refined from crude petroleum. Natural contaminants are removed, but they still flow more slowly through engine circuits and require more frequent changes. They are a low-cost option suited to older engines or applications that specify them.
    • Synthetic oilsare produced through complex chemical transformations and contain fewer impurities. Their benefits include:
      • Excellent flow at low temperatures and stable viscosity at high temperatures, which helps protect engines during cold starts and extreme heat.
      • Longer change intervals, less deposit formation and less engine wear.
      • Improved fuel economy and extended engine life.
    • Semi-synthetic oilsmix mineral and synthetic base stocks; they offer better performance than straight mineral oil but not as much as fully synthetic oils.
    • Always follow the oil type recommended by your vehicle manufacturer.
    • Lubrication is the lifeblood of mechanical systems. It reduces friction between moving parts, dissipates heat and prevents deposit build-up.
    • Within engines, transmission gearboxes, axles and bearings, lubricants create protective films that minimize wear and allow smooth motion.
    • Proper lubrication:
      • Extends component life by minimizing wear.
      • Improves fuel efficiency by reducing energy lost to friction.
      • Ensures smoother, quieter operation.
      • Reduces maintenance costs and enhances safety.
    • Hexon lubricants are engineered to deliver these benefits across automotive, industrial and marine applications.
    • Engine oil degrades over timedue to several factors:
    • Heat:Extreme temperatures change oil viscosity and can break it down. Above 80 °C, oil begins to form deposits and sludge; above 100 °C, it breaks down rapidly and loses its lubricating properties.
    • Oxidation:Oil molecules react with oxygen, leading to thickening, sludge formation and increased acidity.
    • Contamination:Particles, debris and water enter the oil, causing abrasive damage and chemical reactions.
    • Mechanical stress:Shear forces in the engine can break down oil molecules, reducing viscosity and lubrication effectiveness.
    • Prevent degradation by following recommended change intervals, using high-quality oilsand ensuring proper filtration. Regular oil analysis can also help detect degradation before it causes damage.
    • Changing your oil is more than just draining and refilling — it’s about selecting the right oiland ensuring proper service:
    • Follow the vehicle manufacturer’s recommendation.Check your owner’s manual for the specified oil type, grade and viscosity.
    • Consider climate and driving style.Extreme cold or hot weather and heavy-duty driving may warrant different viscosity grades.
    • Check labels for certifications.Choose oils that meet API or ACEA standards and the correct SAE viscosity rating.
    • Inspect and replace the oil filter and its gasket/O-ring.A faulty or misaligned filter can cause leaks.
    • Look for beneficial additives.Detergents, dispersants and corrosion inhibitors help keep engines clean.
    • Keep records and stay on schedule.Regular oil changes (typically every 5,000 – 10,000 miles or according to the oil life monitor) maintain oil quality and protect your engine.
    • By adhering to these guidelines and using Hexon’s quality lubricants, you’ll maximize engine protection and longevity.